Description
Enzalutamide 40 mg is an oral medication used to treat advanced prostate cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs known as androgen receptor inhibitors, which block the effects of androgens (male hormones like testosterone) that can promote the growth of prostate cancer cells.
Uses
- Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)
- Non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC)
- Metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC)
How It Works
Enzalutamide works by inhibiting the androgen receptor signaling pathway, preventing testosterone from stimulating the growth of prostate cancer cells. Unlike older hormone therapies, it blocks the action of androgens inside the tumor cells, offering a more effective means of control.
Dosage & Administration
- Typical dosage: 160 mg daily (usually 4 tablets of 40 mg each)
- Administration: Taken orally, once a day, with or without food
- Should be taken at the same time each day
- Must be used in combination with medical or surgical castration (such as LHRH agonists)
Important: Follow your oncologist’s specific dosing instructions.
Side Effects
Common
- Fatigue
- Hot flashes
- High blood pressure
- Headache
- Joint pain
- Decreased appetite
- Constipation or diarrhea
Serious
- Seizures (rare but serious)
- Falls and fractures
- Heart problems
- Mental health changes (aggression, confusion, hallucinations)
Warnings & Precautions
- Seizure risk: Patients with a history of seizures should not use this without doctor approval
- Not for use in women or children
- Pregnancy warning: Highly toxic to a developing fetus — women who are pregnant or may become pregnant should not handle crushed or broken tablets
- Inform your doctor about all medications you’re taking, especially blood thinners, anticonvulsants, or cholesterol drugs
FAQs
Q1: How long will I need to take Enzalutamide?
A: Treatment duration depends on your response and overall cancer management plan. Some patients take it for many months or longer under medical supervision.
Q2: Can Enzalutamide be used alone?
A: No. It is typically used in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or surgical castration to reduce testosterone levels.
Q3: What should I do if I miss a dose?
A: Take it as soon as you remember on the same day. If you miss a full day, do not double the next dose. Just continue your normal schedule.
Q4: Can I drive or operate machinery while taking Enzalutamide?
A: Use caution. The medication may cause dizziness, confusion, or seizures in rare cases. Avoid driving until you know how it affects you.
Q5: Is regular monitoring needed during treatment?
A: Yes. Your doctor will monitor blood pressure, liver function, and PSA levels regularly to evaluate the drug’s effectiveness and side effects.
